Retire or not to retire: A blueprint laying out the fundamentals of bond valuation, investments in bonds, and recording economic gains accordingly

Your company has a great reputation among lenders as you have never defaulted on your debt commitments.
Your company is so solid that even your zero-coupon bonds are in high demand for many fixed-income investors.
Currently, prevailing market rates are on the rise.
Your company’s financial managers are contemplating retiring all these bonds and some vehemently insist that now is the time to retire.
Will there be any differences in economic gains between retiring at the maturity and retiring now while the rates are way lower than when you issued the bonds initially?
In this article, I will answer this question and elaborate on the fundamentals of bond valuation. I will also provide a real-world example in which a company chooses to retire its bonds, demonstrating how this operation will affect the company’s financial statements and whether the company really needed to retire the bond to record an economic gain.